All references should be in correct APA style  

No plagiarism very  important 250 words. 

Read the case attached and answer the following questions below

 Jeffrey P. Bezos, founder and Chief Executive Officer of Amazon.com, Inc., says, “One thing I love about customers is that they are divinely discontent. Their expectations are never static—they go up. It’s human nature.” Do your expectations constantly go up? Is this fair to companies? Why or why not? And do you think it is true that customers expect more today than before? 

 Need responses to teammates discussions  150 words ( The idea is to create a discussion-like atmosphere among students. Please note that replies such as “I like what you said,” “That’s a good comment,” and “I disagree with your comment” do not count as a complete reply. You must substantiate these general statements by stating specific reasons that support your opinions, adding additional, relevant thoughts, and/or providing alternative ideas. Courtesy in any disagreement is expected; thus, personal attacks are not acceptable and will affect your grade. )   

ACC-504-
1. The Modified Accelerated Cost
Recovery System (MACRS) specifies which of the following depreciation methods
for buildings?

A. 150% declining-balance.

B. Double-declining-balance.

C. Straight line.

D. Buildings are not depreciable assets.

2. The Modified Accelerated Cost
Recovery System (MACRS) specifies which of the following depreciation methods
for land?

A. 150% declining-balance.

B. Double-declining-balance.

C. Straight line.

D. Land is not a
depreciable asset.

3. If an organization has an obligation
to pay $5,000 to a supplier two years from now, the present value of the
obligation:

A. is less than $5,000.

B. is $5,000.

C. is more than $5,000.

D. could be calculated using an annuity factor from the present value
tables.

4. Depreciation, in accounting, is a process that results in:

A. depreciable assets being reported in the balance sheet at their fair
market value.

B. accumulating cash for the replacement of the asset.

C. an accurate measurement of the economic usefulness of an asset.

D. spreading the cost of an
asset over its useful life to the entity.

Use the
below present value tables for problems 5, 6 and 7
  
 5. The present value of $3,000 to be
received in 7 years at 10% is:

A. $616.22

B. $1,539.60

C. $3,000.00

D. $5,845.67

6. The present value of $3,000 to be
received every year for 9 years, at 10%, is:

A. $7,073.80

B. $12,273.00

C. $17,277.00

D. $27,000.00

7. The present value of an obligation of
$4,000 payable in 7 years at 8% is:

A. $1,760

B. $2,334

C. $3,206

D. $3,680

8. A particular common stock has an
annual cash dividend of $2.00 per share and is predicted to have a market value
of $30 per share 5 years from now. Assuming a discount rate of 10%, a fair
market price for the stock today is:

A. $20.00

B. $26.21

C. $37.58

D. $56.21
 
9. Psyche Company wants to acquire Trim
Company. Trim’s ROI has been above average for its industry; net income has
averaged $70,000 a year more than the industry average. These
“excess” earnings are expected to continue at this amount for 5
years. Assuming a discount rate of 8%, how much goodwill will arise from
Psyches’ purchase of Trim?

A. $40,836

B. $88,157

C. $279,489

D. $350,000

10. Leasehold is an example of which of
the following types of assets?

A. Current asset.

B. Property, plant and equipment.

C. Goodwill.

D. Intangible asset.
11. The principal challenge to
calculating depletion is estimating:

A. the cost of the asset.

B. the salvage value of the exploration equipment.

C. the demand for the product.

D. the quantity of material
to be recovered.

12. Long-lived, intangible assets such as leasehold improvements, patents,
and copyrights are all subject to:

A. depreciation

B. amortization

C. depletion

D. consolidation

13. When a depreciable asset is sold:

A. a gain arises if the
sales proceeds exceed the net book value.

B. a loss arises if the sales proceeds exceed the net book value.

C. any cash received results in a gain.

D. depreciation expense is adjusted so there is no gain or loss.

14. Goodwill is an asset that arises because the present value of an
acquired company’s estimated future earnings, discounted at the acquiring
firm’s ROI:

A. is less than the fair market value of the net assets of
the acquired company.

B. is more than
the fair market value of the net assets of the acquired company.

C. is more than the fair market value of the net assets of
the acquiring company.

D. is less than the fair market value of the net assets of
the acquiring company.

15. The intangible asset “goodwill:”

A. represents the management team’s assessment of its value to the
company.

B. may arise when one
company purchases another company.

C. arises because the market value of a company’s assets is greater than
cost.

D. all of the above are correct.

16. Many current liabilities are
affected by accrual accounting entries. This happens because:

A. liabilities are usually paid when they are incurred.

B. accrual accounting
involves recognizing liabilities before they are paid.

C. the only way to reduce a liability account balance is with an adjusting
entry.

D. accrual accounting frequently involves recognizing liabilities before
they are incurred.

17. Which of the following is not usually associated with
bonds?

A. Coupon rate.

B. Maturity value.

C. Face amount.

D. Maturity rate.

18. An Accounts Payable could result
from which of the following transactions?

A. Purchasing accounts for cash.

B. Purchasing property, plant and equipment on credit.

C. Purchasing goods and
services from suppliers on credit.

D. All of the above.

19. The current liability for Wages
Payable (or Accrued Payroll) represents the:

A. gross pay earned by employees for which they have not yet been paid.

B. net pay earned by
employees for which they have not yet been paid.

C. employer’s federal and state payroll tax obligation.

D. employer’s liability for various with holdings taken out of the gross
pay earned by employees.

20. The financial leverage characteristic of long-term debt results
in:

A. a reduction of the risk that creditors will not be paid.

B. a magnification of ROE
relative to what it would be without long-term debt.

C. a magnification of ROI relative to what it would be without long-term
debt.

D. the deductibility, for income tax purposes, of dividends to
stockholders.

21. When a company issues a bond at a premium:

A. the company is more profitable than most companies in its industry.

B. investors perceive the bond to be a very safe investment.

C. the investors’ interest
income will be less than the interest received each year.

D. the investors’ interest income will be more than the interest received
each year.

22. Which of the following is not sometimes associated with
bonds?

A. Debenture.

B. Callable.

C. Cumulative.

D. Convertible
 
23. If the market price of a bond
exceeds its face amount:

A. the coupon rate is less than the market interest rate.

B. the coupon rate is more
than the market interest rate.

C. the company’s ROI and working capital have been increasing over time.

D. the maturity rate has been declining.

24. The market value of a bond is the sum of the present value of future
interest payments and the present value of the amount to be repaid at maturity,
discounted at:

A. the market rate.

B. the coupon rate.

C. the dividend rate.

D. the prime rate.

25. Financial leverage refers to which of the following?

A. The difference between
the rate of return earned on assets (ROI) and the rate of return earned on
owners’ equity (ROE).

B. The difference between the rate of return earned on current assets and
the rate of return earned on retained earnings.

C. The leverage a firm obtains from increasing production.

D. Decreasing fixed costs per unit by increasing production.

26. When a company issues a bond at a discount:

A. the company will pay less than the face amount of the bond at its
maturity.

B. the company will pay more than the face amount of the bond at its
maturity.

C. the company’s interest expense will be less than the interest paid each
year.

D. the company’s interest
expense will be more than the interest paid each year.

27. When bonds are issued at a premium:

A. interest expense on the
bonds will be less than the interest paid.

B. interest expense on the bonds will be more than the interest paid.

C. the bonds are sold for less than their face amount.

D. the coupon interest rate is less than the market interest rate.

28. Which of the following is (are) a
true statement(s) pertaining to bonds?

A. Bonds can be sold at a discount, par, or payable.

B. Bonds can be sold at a
discount, par, or premium.

C. The SEC sets the market price of a bond.

D. The issuing firm sets the price of a bond.

E. None of the above.

29. Which of the following is true regarding bond discounts and/or
premiums?

A. Bond discount is amortized but bond premium is not.

B. Bond premium is amortized but bond discount is not.

C. Neither bond discount nor premium is amortized.

D. Both bond discount and
premium are amortized.
 
30. The amortization of bond
discount:

A. increases the cash paid to bondholders for interest.

B. results in bond interest
expense being greater than the interest paid to bondholders.

C. results in bond interest expense being less than the interest paid to
bondholders.

D. reduces the carrying value of bonds payable on the balance sheet.

31. Factors that usually affect retained earnings directly include:

A. net income or loss, and
dividends.

B. extraordinary items and losses from discontinued operations.

C. stock dividends and gains or losses from the sale of treasury stock.

D. net income or loss, and the issuance of stock at an amount in excess of
par value.

32. In comparison to the owners’ equity section of a corporation’s balance
sheet, owners’ equity of a proprietorship or partnership:

A. normally does not make a distinction between invested capital and retained
earnings.

B. normally uses “Capital” accounts for each individual owner,
rather than a “Retained Earnings” account for all of the owners.

C. normally uses a “Drawings” account for each individual owner,
rather than a “Dividends” account for all of the owners.

D. all of the above.

33. The declaration of a cash dividend by the directors
results in:

A. a decrease in cash and a decrease in retained earnings.

B. a decrease in retained
earnings and an increase in current liabilities.

C. a decrease in net income and a decrease in cash.

D. a decrease in net income and an increase in current liabilities.
 
34. In most states, par value of issued
shares represents:

A. Legal capital.

B. No par capital.

C. Noncontrolling capital.

D. Corporate capital.

35. The term preemptive right pertains to which of the following?

A. The Board of Directors rights in liquidation.

B. Present shareholders
right to purchase shares from any additional share issuances.

C. Present shareholders right to purchase treasury shares when reissued.

D. Preferred stockholders right to dividends.

36. Balance sheet disclosures for preferred stock include all of the
following except:

A. The number of shares issued.

B. The number of shares outstanding.

C. The liquidating or redemption value.

D. The credit or market
value.

E. The number of shares authorized.
 
37. The declaration date pertains
to:

A. The date used to determine who receives dividends.

B. The date on which the board of directors declares it’s going to
liquidate the firm.

C. The date on which the
board of directors declares a dividend.

D. The date a dividend is paid.

38. Fred Jones owns 56 shares of the Robust Corporation’s stock. Robust
announces a 3 for 2 stock split. How many shares will Fred have after this
split?

A. 178 shares.

B. 112 shares.

C. 84 shares.

D. 56 shares.

39. Braco has 40,000 shares of $100 par
value common stock outstanding, and 10,000 shares in the treasury. The number
of additional shares that would be issued in a 5% stock dividend is:

A. 500

B. 1,000

C. 1,500

D. 2,000

40. When a stock dividend is declared and issued:

A. total paid-in capital does not change.

B. total owners’ equity
does not change.

C. the balance in the retained earnings account is decreased by the par
value of the shares issued in the dividend.

D. total paid-in capital is decreased by the market value of the shares
issued in the dividend.

41. When a company splits its common stock 3 for 1:

A. total paid-in capital increases by a factor of 3.

B. the balance in the retained earnings account is decreased by the market
value of the shares issued.

C. the market value of the
company’s stock falls by two-thirds.

D. the shareholders are assured of receiving larger cash dividends.
 
42. The principal reason for a company
having a common stock split is to:

A. increase the total cash dividends paid to stockholders.

B. capitalize retained earnings.

C. decrease total owners’ equity.

D. decrease the market
value per share of common stock.

43. When a firm purchases its own shares for the treasury:

A. total owners’ equity is
decreased.

B. total owners’ equity is increased.

C. the balance in the retained earnings account is decreased.

D. paid-in capital is decreased.

44. If a firm sells treasury stock for
more than its cost:

A. a gain is recognized in the income statement.

B. the balance in the retained earnings account is increased.

C. additional paid-in
capital is increased.

D. total owners’ equity does not change.

45. The statement of changes in retained earnings for the year shows:

A. the retained earnings
balance at the beginning of the year.

B. amounts received from the sale of additional common stock during the
year.

C. extraordinary gains or losses during the year.

D. the effect of a stock split during the year.

 

Unit 4: Discussion

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Introduction

Cost-volume-profit (CVP) analysis allows managers to see how changes in costs and volume will affect the company’s operating expenses and net income (for-profit) or net assets (non-profit). This form of analysis compares different relationships, such as the cost of operating and producing goods and services, the volume of goods and services sold, and the profits generated from the sale of those goods and services (Gapenski, 2012). Cost-volume-profit (CVP) analysis helps managers make rational decisions such as what products and services to offer, what prices to charge, what marketing strategy to use, and what cost structure to maintain. Its primary purpose is to estimate how profits are affected by the following five factors: selling prices, sales volume, unit variable costs, and total fixed costs. The CVP analysis is also extremely helpful in determining the contribution margin (CM), which is the per-unit revenue from the sale of goods and services minus the per-unit variable costs (VC) associated with producing the goods or delivering the services, with the product being the amount remaining to cover the fixed costs (FC) and ultimately flows into the profits. We, as industry leaders, need to understand those variables that impact profit maximization, and then make changes, as necessary, to improve our firm’s financial position. The CVP model is one example of managerial accounting approach intended to aid managers in making smart financial and operational decisions.

Sources:

Gapenski, L. C. (2012). Healthcare finance: An introduction to accounting and financial management. (5th ed.). Chicago, IL: Health Administration Press

Garrison, R., Noreen, E., & Brewer, P. (2014). Managerial accounting (15th ed.).   Columbus, OH: McGraw-Hill Education.

 

Directions

Initial Posting

Greenleaf Book Group is a book publishing company in Austin, Texas, that attracts authors who are willing to pay publishing costs and forgo up-front advances in exchange for a larger royalty rate on each book sold. For example, assume a typical publisher prints 10,000 copies of a new book that it sells for $12.50 per unit. The publisher pays the author an advance of $20,000 to write the book and then incurs $60,000 of expenses to market, print, and edit the book. The publisher also pays the author a 20% royalty (or $2.50 per unit) on each book sold above 8,000 units. In this scenario, the publisher must sell 6,400 books to break even ($80,000 in fixed costs ÷ $12.50 per unit). If all 10,000 copies are sold, the author earns $25,000 ($20,000 advance + 2,000 copies × $2.50) and the publisher earns $40,000 ($125,000 − $60,000 − $20,000 − $5,000). Greenleaf alters the financial arrangement described above by requiring the author to assume the risk of poor sales. It pays the author a 70% royalty on all units sold (or $8.75 per unit), but the author forgoes the $20,000 advance and pays Greenleaf $60,000 to market, print, and edit the book. If the book flops, the author fails to recover her production costs. If all 10,000 units are sold, the author earns $27,500 ( $10,000 units × $8.75 − $60,000) and Greenleaf earns $37,500 ( = 10,000 units × ($12.50 − $8.75)). Source: Christopher Steiner, “Book It,” Forbes, September 7, 2009, p. 58

The Greenleaf Publishing Company currently pays the author a 20% royalty on all units sold, but the author forgoes advances and pays Greenleaf to market, print, and edit the book. This is a bit different from the traditional payment method of Greenleaf’s competitors. They tend to employ a more traditional approach to compensating their authors in that they provide an advance to write the book, and then incur the expenses to market, print, and edit the manuscript. The publisher also pays the author a royalty on each unit sold above a certain threshold. Management has noticed a decline in the number of authors seeking to publish with the Greenleaf. The CEO has formed a special taskforce to investigate the loss in volume and formulate a plan of action to positively change the trajectory of the company. You are a member of the committee. An analysis has been performed using cost, price, and quantity data for both the traditional and non-traditional approach used by Greenleaf. Using the results from the analyses and additional information you deem to be relevant to this scenario, prepare a recommendation on what actions you believe the company should consider taking to reverse the current trends and maximize the firm’s potential for long-term success. Your recommendation should contain sound arguments that are well supported, properly vetted, and logically presented. It is important that management carefully consider any potential ethical implications associated with their stated position. If there are any potential ethical concerns associated with your position, they should be identified and discussed in the final recommendation. In order to formulate your recommendation, you may want to carefully consider the problem, the three (3) CVP assumptions, collect relevant data and information, critically evaluate the alternatives, and document your recommendations using sound arguments that are well supported, properly vetted, and logically presented.

If you prepared your response in Word, please cut and paste it directly into the discussion board so that everyone will not need to first download your response, then open it to read it. The document should be prepared consistent with the APA writing style (6th edition) and reflect higher level cognitive processing (analysis, synthesis, and or evaluation).

Managerial economics and strategy

This week’s paper is required to be approximately 4 -6 pages in length, not including the title page and the reference page.    No paper should be fewer than 1400 words.   Double space your work, cite your work, limit quotes, and edit your work well for spelling, grammar, and punctuation errors.   If you have quotes included in your paper, you should have more than 1400 words to compensate.   Your work will be automatically reviewed by Turnitin upon submission.   Please make sure you have cited your work properly.  Utilize the APA resource material provided in the lessons section of the classroom under course materials.

After our readings over the past five weeks, you should have an understanding of the  types of strategy, organizational culture, the pros and cons of different organizational structures, the elements of internal and external environments, and the types of risk a company may take.   After reading the attached articles below, you then can incorporate all of these strategies with the managerial economic impact certain decisions will have on a company.

Read the two articles attached about managerial economics.

Your essay will address these items:

A. Select a company from the 35 listed at the end of our text (Case Studies).  Do not use any company that you previously wrote about in previous classes.  This must be original research.   In addition to the information in your text, research this company using at least (2) outside scholarly articles.  Do not use a website as a reference.  Your reference source must have an author.  Discuss six selected topics from our studies throughout weeks one through five.  Discuss these six topics in relation to your company and also incorporate the issue of managerial economics within your company and how the economic situation of today influences the strategic decisions your company is making.  Each of the six topics discussed should be in bold print.  For example, one topic you may choose may be how your company handles competition (Five Forces Framework).  Another topic may be your company’s organizational structure and why they have the structure they have.   You may choose to discuss your company’s strategic grouping or value chain. Choose your topics and explore them in detail throughout your paper.

Give examples using the terms and concepts in your textbook readings and your research articles.

B. What is the importance of each of the six topics within your company?

C. What is the usefulness of understanding this topic in today’s corporate structure?

D. How does managerial economics fit into your topic?

Paper Format (no abstract is necessary):

Title Page – Include a title page with your name, student number, title of your paper, course number, course name, & date.

Introductory Paragraph – Include an introductory paragraph that states your company and your six topics and why you selected them.

Font and Spacing – Use Times New Roman 12 pitch font with double-spaced lines.

Length – Write a 4 to 6 page essay not including the title page and citation page. Make sure you have at least 1400 words, not including the title and reference page.

Reference Page – Include all sources including your textbook on a separate reference page.  Use references with authors, not websites. All references must have citations within your paper.

Utilize the APA Style for documenting sources. You will need to include at least 2 sources in additional to your textbooks. Finally, remember Wikipedia is NOT a scholarly source.

Punctuation, essay format (thesis, supporting paragraphs with transition and topic sentences, and summary) grammar and documentation count toward your grade.

Review the Grading Rubric attached here for detailed information about the essay grading criteria.